Sewing-machine.



F. BAKER & L. JAGOBS.

' SEWING MACHINE.

APPLIOATIOI; FILED MAY 23, 1908.

Patented J an. 9, 1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1;

P. BAKER & L. JACOBS. SEWING MACHINE. APPLICATION IIL'BD MAY 2a, 1908.

1,014,033, Paten ted Jan.9,1912.

e sums-sum 2.

fizzle/622219.-

001.1188 HMOGRAPII cuqwAsmum'oN. u. c.

F. BAKER & L. JACOBS. SEWING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 23,1908;

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I F. BAKER & L. mamas,

SEWING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 190B.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co.,wAnmGTON, D. C.

F. BAKER & L. JACOBS.

SEWING MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1908'.

1,014,033. i "Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

COL! JJJJ IA PLANOGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, u. c.

P. BAKER & L. JACOBS. SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1908.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

6 SHBETSSHEBT 6.

"on E STA FREDERICK BAKER, OF BLACKl-IEATH, AND LESSER JACOBS, OFLONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO BAKER SEWING MACHINES TRUST LIMITED, OFLONDON, ENG-LAN D.

SEWING-MACHINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FREDERICK BAKER and LESSER JAooBs, both subjects ofthe King of Great Britain, residing, respectively, at Stafiord House,Lee Road, Blackheath, in the county of Kent, England, and 17 HanoverSquare, in the county of London, England, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Sewing-Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

Our invention has reference to sewing machines.

It has for its object to produce astitch possessing the unravelingproperty of a lockstitch with the employment of but a single thread,that is to say the top or needle thread, thus dispensing with the use ofa shuttle, or bobbin-carrier.

According to the present invention, we form a long loop of thread drawnfrom the needle supply, said long loop being knotted with one or moresub-loops drawn from the same supply, or embraced by two or moresub-loops drawn from the same supply, which in both cases form thestitches until the end of the long loop is reached, when the needlethread is passed through the bight of the long loop forming a new longloop which secures the end of the first long loop, the cycle ofoperations then being repeated.

The above described operations may be efiected for example by arrangingbeneath the bed plate of a sewing machine a member such for example as adisk adapted to be rotated or oscillated by appropriate means ashereinafter described. Said member is provided with means such as a hookor nose or hooks or noses adapted to draw off from the thread carried bythe needle the aforesaid long loop and cause it toengage in and beretained by a second memher which we may term a tension device. Thistension device comprises a member so arranged with relation to themember first above referred to that the loop of thread is retained in arecess therein being caught by a pivoted hook carried by a rod or thelike adapted to slide or travel in said recess. This rod is adapted totravel in the recess and its movement is controlled by suitable meanssuch as for example by providing a pivoted rocking piece or arm actuatedby a cam or the like. Upon the next Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 23, 1908.

Patented Jan. Q, 1912.

Serial No. 434,702.

descent of the needle another loop is drawn from the thread and isformed into a subloop which is engaged and locked with the aforesaidlong loop, thus forming a stitch in the material being sewn.

Appropriate means hereinafter described are provided for feeding forwardthe material to be sewn.

In order that our said invention may be clearly understood and readilycarried into effect we will proceed to describe the same more fully withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagramon a large scale of one form of stitch. Fig. 2 is an elevation of themechanism for producing the stitch shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a backview of part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a detail frontelevation of the tension device. Fig. 8 is a front elevation of amodification of the tension device. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 8but showing the parts in a different position. Fig. 3 is a transversesection on the line 38 of Fig. 3 Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of a furthermodified form of the tension device, the casing being shown broken awayto expose the parts of the tension device within the same. Fig. 4 is ane dge view showing how the thread is drawn from the needle and Fig. 1 isa corresponding front view. Figs. 5 to 1 1 are diagrammaticillustrations of the various stages arrived at during the formation ofthe stitches. Fig. 15 is a front elevation of a modification of the saidinvention. Fig. 16 is a modified form of stitch. Fig. 17 is adiagrammatic view of a modified form of the invention in which there aretwo loops formed and two throw oils of the thread per revolution of thediskthe complete cycle being illustrated in Figs. 17 to 20. Figs. 17 to17 are details of the form of apparatus illustrated in Figs. 17 to 20,Fig. 17* being a section on the line 17 17 of Fig. 17 Fig. 91 is anelevation of a convenient manner of obtaining the synchronizing of theneedle, for use with the arrangements shown in Figs. 17-20. Fig. 22 is asectional elevation of the feeding mechanism for advancing the materialto be sewn a stitch at a time.

A is the needle.

B the needle plate.

C the thread.

D the disk.

E the tension device.

lVe will refer first more particularly to Figs. 1 to 14. The disk D ispreferably formed in one piece with its driven spindle or shaft, andcarries the lug Z, the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained.The disk D also carries the thread manipulating device which is composedof a rocking hooked member (Z adapted to be rocked on a pivot (Z by atooth-ed quadrant (1, the teeth of which engage with teeth on one end ofthe member (Z Carried on the quadrant (l is a cam like projection (Zadapted during a revolution of the disk to engage with projections d,d", projecting from a bridge piece G carried by the bearing plate H, insuch a manner that upon meeting the projection (Z the hooked end of themember (Z is thrown outward, while the meeting with the projection (Zimparts motion to the hooked member again in the opposite direction. Thepurpose of these movements will be apparent later on in the description.The said disk also carries a guide piece (Z for insuring that the threadtakes the correct course. This guide piece, the purpose of which will behereinafter explained, is secured to the remote side of the disk as seenin Figs. 5 to 14. At the back of the disk are cam. grooves (Z and (Z asshown in Fig. 2 and pins fixed to sliding members (Z d are arranged towork in the aforesaid grooves as the disk D rotates. The sliding members(Z (P extend beyond the periphery of the disk and beyond the casing e ofthe tension device and have lateral projections 6 and (Z which extendover the back face of the said casing and make contact with it to holdit in position on the periphery of the disk, which is grooved, as shownplainly in Fig. A, to engage with said ten sion device casing. In orderto prevent any loose or uncertain action of the projections (Z and (Zthat might otherwise occur owing to the wearing of the walls of thegroove (Z and of the pin on the sliding member d a spring (P may beprovided to constantly press the said pin against the inner edge of thegroove.

The tension device casing, shown on a larger scale in Fig. 3, isequipped with a rocking member 0 provided with a hook c and controlledby a spring 6 the casing 0 being slotted to expose the hook 6 Therocking member e carries a pin or projection 6 which is normally engagedby a pivoted arm 6'' to prevent the rocking of the member 6 The member 6is however released during a certain part of the revolution of the diskD by the lug (Z in the manner to be hereinafter described.

The mechanism for feeding the material forward step by step is of thewell known kind, and is shown in Fig. 22. The bellcrank lever G isintermittently rocked about the axis of the shaft G by means of the rodand a horizontal reciprocating movement is thereby imparted to thepivoted arm G which carries the serrated member G. The pivoted arm G isheld down upon the cam Gr on the main shaft G of the machine by thespring G After each reciprocation of the needle the serrated member Gris given a vertical movement by means of the cam G sufficiently to raiseit into contact with the underside of the material being sewn, and issimultaneously given a horizontal movement by means of the bell cranklever G, with the result that the material is urged forward the distanceof a stitch.

Assuming that a piece of material is now placed on the machine to bestitched, the operation may be described as follows :As

soon as the needle descends through the material to be sewn, the hook (Zon the member (Z which is at this point in its inward position, engagesthe thread as shown in F 4 and 4, and carries it around as it proceedson its revolution (Fig. 5), the sides of the loop falling one on eachside of the disk and tension device, until the projection d comes intocontact with the projection (Z on the bridge piece G (Fig. 6). Thiscontact causes the member (Z to assume its outward position and allowsthe loop of thread to escape from the hook cl. It is to be noted thatthis release of the loop has taken place before the hook has movedthrough 180 from its point of engagement with the thread. Consequently,the loop, when drawn up, can do so on the same side of the axis of thedisk as that on which it was drawn out instead'of having to cross thisaxis, as is the case in prior rotary disk machines. The loop of threadis now pulled by the take up back over the tension device, (Fig. 7), theretaining sliding pieces al and (Z being operated successively (Figs. 7and 8) by the cam grooves (Z and cl at this moment, in order to allowthe thread to pass between them and the tension device casing e. Theloop is then arrested by the hook e on the rocking member 6 and heldtaut (Fig. 9). The loop cannot avoid entering the hook e owing to theguide e on the underside of the needle plate B. As the disk continuesits rotation the lug (Z comes into contact with a projection 65), on thearm 6 (Fig. 10), causing it to lift clear of the pin 6 and allowing themember 6 to move forward as the material is fed onward. The member (Zalso comes into contactwith the projection (Z which brings the member (Zinward (Fig. 10), and a guide bar (Z as shown in Fig. 2 prevents itstendency to fly outward on its upward journey before engaging the threadand beginning its downward course. The needle is by this time descendingagain (Fig. 10) and in doing so, passes down between the sides of theloop. The thread is again caught by the hook d, and a second loop isdrawn and carried around to the lower end of the tension device and thenthrown off as before. Owing to the hook 6 having been released as abovedescribed and drawn away from the guide 6* by the forward movement ofthe material, this second loop called a sub-loop in being drawn over thetension device casing escapes the hook e and therefore passe-s over thefirst loop which is still being held by the hook 6 (Fig. 11) and isdrawn taut against the material forming a knot with the first loopfirmly locking it at one portion against the material. The formation ofthe sub-loop in the course of being drawn up is shown in detail in Fig.11 On the next descent of the needle (Fig. 12) it passes again throughthe remaining portion of the long loop and a sub-loop is again passedover it as just pre viously described, the long loop again moving a stepforward owing to the feeding of the material. This last step forward, ofthe long loop, causes it to overcome the tension of the spring 6 andescape from the hook 6 (Figs. 13 and 14;), afterwhich it is arrested bythe upwardly projecting spring 6 secured to the end of the casing e. Inthis position, the bight of. the loop is ready for the needle to passthrough it (Fig. 14;). As soon as the loop escapes from the hook 6 themember 6 springs back to its normal position (Fig. 14), the pin 6engaging with the pivoted arm a and securely retaining the member 0 inits locked position. On the next descent of the needle, it passesthrough the bight of the loop which is held as above stated, and a newlong loop is drawn off and caught on the hook 6 as in the originalformation of the first loop but it has been drawn through the bight ofthe now" old loop. As the new loop is pulled taut on the hook 6 it liftsthe bight of the old loop clear of the spring 6, which returns to itsnormal position. The bight of the old loop is thus secured by the newloop which is again locked in two places as before.

hen the needle descends through the bight of the old long loop it isdesirable that it should do so as close as possible to the end of thebight so as to prevent the bight, when released a moment later, frombeing free to move out of place, and to in sure the old loop being undercontrol until the needle has entered the extreme end of its bight in theact of descending to enable a new long loop to be drawn. To enable theneedle to descend as described, the needle plate is recessed to allowthe tension device casing to be placed in such a position as tocause thebight of the loop, just prior to its release, to be placed close againstthe underside of the material and close against the needle when thelatter descends. In this way, the bight of the old loop immediately uponits release is under the control of the new long loop.

It will be understood that as each loop of thread, whether main loop orsub-loop, is being drawn by the take-up over the back of the tensiondevice casing, the loop may tend to drag and not slip easily unless theback of the said casing is very smooth and accurately shaped. To assistthe drawing up of the loop, the thread on one side of the loop may bepositively lifted across the face of the tension device casing. Theguide plate 0Z hereinbefore referred to performs this function. In Fig.6 the said guide piece d is seen just about to travel past but close upagainst the rear face of the casing e. In Figs. '7 and 8 the guide plateis shown in dotted lines assisting the loop to be drawn over the back ofthe tension device casing by lifting the part of the thread thatstretches across the rear face of the casing.

In order to prevent the loops of threat at the moment of being releasedand prior to being drawn up over the tension device casing from strayingoutward away from the said casing and becoming entangled with theprojection 03 (Fig. 2) for instance, a guard piece (1 is provided.

In the modified tension device shown in Fig. 3 the hook in its finalposition before delivering the loop is itself brought close up intocontact with the under side of the recessed needle plate, thuspreventing the bight from escaping from the hook accidentally orprematurely. Moreover, the bight is released by the movement of the hookitself when required and not by the pull exerted by a new loop as in theprevious case. In this arrangement, the member h, which corresponds tothe member 6 of Fig. 3, carries a hook 0 pivoted thereon at k and isarranged to slide in a segmental groove ]L2 in the casing or bodyportion 71- being retained in said groove by a plate h".

h is pivoted lever which engages at one end with the sliding member hand serves under the influence of a spring ]L8 to pull the said memberit into a position in which a lug or tail piece If on the hook 6 catchesagainst the stationary pin 7& on the casing or body portion it The mouthof the hook e is then, as shown in Fig. 3 projecting beyond the casingor body portion h through an opening in it and is ready to catch a mainloop of thread.

(Z and cl are the projections operating similarly to those alreadydescribed with reference to Fig. 3, with the exception that while theprojection d"- engages with the casing or body portion it only, theprojection projects through the latter, and engages with a notch 71 onthe member it. When therefore a main loop of thread has been caught bythe hook 6 the projection d prevents the member h from moving while thethread of the main loop is being drawn by the take-up. Prior however, tothe next loop which is the first sub-loop being drawn over the casing orbody portion,

the projection al is temporarily retracted as hereinbefore described,and, the feeding mechanism having now caused a tension to be exerted onthe hook e by the thread, the sliding member h slides to the left towardthe needle against the influence of the spring 71/ The lug or tail piece7L5 then moves away from the pin h and assumes a more horizontalattitude in which position the mouth of the hook 6 lies below the topedge of the casing or body portion If and therefore allows the sub-loopsto pass over it. The next sub-loop also passes over the hook, the latterbeing drawn stitch by stitch to the left in opposition to the action ofthe spring it until it has reached a position in which the lug 72.approaches the periphery of the disk D as shown in Fig. 3 A projection,such as (Z in Figs. 5 to 14, then engages with the end of the lug 7&5 asthe disk rotates and thereby tilts the said lug if; the hook e isconsequently rocked sufliciently to release the loop. The hook 6 andsliding member h are then returned by the spring h to their normalposition and the hook e is then ready to engage with another main loop.

In the modification shown in Fig. 15 we have provided an oscillatoryquadrant D in place of a rotating disk. The hook 0 is formed integrallywith the quadrant by suitably removing a portion of the disk as shown.lVith this construction the tension device E is shown in outline onlybeing the same in detail as that shown in Fig. 3. In this case thetension device is held in a groove on the periphery of the quadrant, byone or other of the two lugs al (l formed on one arm of the rockinglever D This lever normally causes one of the lugs to be in contact withthe tension device, but is rocked by means of a cam (Z* on the machineshaft or on the boss of the quadrant so as to cause the lug to be raisedmomentarily and allow the thread to pass between it and the casing e atthe right moment as before. Meanwhile the tension device is engaged bythe lug CZUX. \Vhen the thread has passed the lug (P the travel of thecam (Z allows the rocking lever D to return to its normal position, andthe thread can then pass under the lug (1 The operation of pulling aloop in this case is similar to that previously described, except thatinstead of the hook 0 releasing the loop by throwing it off, the hooknow retreats and leaves the loop to be drawn over the tension device asbefore, and as the cam d retreats with the hook, the lugs (P and daccordingly open the passage for the thread, which is caught on the hookof the tension device as before. The quadrant is provided with a lug (Zcorresponding to and serving the same purpose as the lug (Z in Figs. 514and with the guide cl" correjecting pin 6 working in a slot 6 in thetension device casing, and a depending portion 6 having a lug e which isnormally clear of the periphery of the disk. The pivoted member 6 isnormally held in the position shown in Figs. 17 and 18 by a spring e. Inthis position the curved end of the slot 6 forces the pin 6 and slidingmember 6 into a position in which the mouth of the hook projects beyondthe tension device casing ready to catch a main loop of thread.

A rocking member having one end a resting on the periphery of the diskis pivoted to the tension device casing, the other end of said rockingmember engaging with a pin a on the pivoted member 6 to prevent thelatter from moving while a main loop of thread, after being caught bythe hook, is being drawn taut by the take-up. After a main loop ofthread has been drawn and passed over the tension device casing, and

has been caught by the hook e and drawn taut by the take-up, the lug orprojection e on the periphery of the disk D engages with the end a ofthe rocking member thereby releasing its other end from the pin e 5 andallowing the pull exerted by the loop on the hook 0 to draw the hook,the slid ing member (2 and the pivoted member 6 to the left against theaction of the spring 6 as shown in Fig. 19. From the shape of the slot 6it will be seen that the mouth of the hook 6 is depressed below the edgeof the tension device casing thereby allowing sub-loops to be formed andpassed over the tension device casing and over the long loop while it isstill held by the hook 6 The left hand end of the slot is however curvedso that the sliding member 6 is finally caused to slide a sufficientdistance to bring the mouth of the hook 6 to the extreme left handcorner of the tension device casing close against the under side of thematerial and against the line of travel of the needle in its descent. Inthis position the sliding member 0 and pivoted member 0 have been pulledsufliciently far for the lug to touch and trail on the periphery of thedisk D; a projection e on the disk then en: gages with it as shown inFig. 20, so as to momentarily jerk or draw down the hook 6 and therebyrelease bight of the long loop. The hook and other parts then return totheir former position under the action of the spring 6 the pin on thepivoted member 0 being engaged by the rocking member as before.

In Fig. 1, we have shown the type of stitch that is produced by a singlethread machine constructed in accordance with our invention andoperating as above described.

In Fig. 16 we have shown another form of stitch which we can alsoproduce. In this case the needle descends at the side of the long loopeach time, to form the sub-loop but the sub-loops are thrown over thelongloop as in the case of the stitch shown in Fig. 1. To effect thisform of stitch we employ the modified form of tension device shown inFig. 3 This tension device is similar to that shown in Fig. 3 with theexception that the spring 72. is secured directly to the sliding memberh, and the pivoted lever h is dispensed with. The hook e is pivoted on apin in the sliding member h in such a way that it can slide laterally onthe pin. A spring e is secured to the sliding member 72. and its freeend reaches over the aforesaid pin on one or other side of the pivotedhook 6 In the position shown in Fig. 3 a long loop when caught and heldby the hook 6 will be kept to one side of the needle with the resultthat the sub-loops are drawn down to one side of the main loop; theneedle however passes through the bight of the old long loop in formingthe new long loop.

The number of loops per revolution is not necessarily limited to one, asit will be understood that by providing two or more hooks on the disk,and causing the needle to descend synchronously two or more times perrevolution of the disk, two or more loops can be drawn per revolution ofthe disk, and two or more stitches thereby effected. For example, inFigs. 17 to 20, the disk is shown carrying two hooks d and (Z each ofwhich is pivoted to the disk. These hooks are controlled by theprojections in such a manner that upon taking off a loop, the hooks arethrown forward relatively to the disk itself and therefore travelmomentarily at a greater speed than that of a point on the periphery ofthe disk relatively to a stationary point outside the disk. Similarly onreleasing the loops, the hooks are caused to travel backwardlyrelatively to the disk itself, and therefore travel momentarily at aslower speed than that of a point on the periphery of the disk. Thesemovements are effected by the alternate contact of the stationaryprojections (Z and (Z on the bridge piece G with the rear edges al and(1 and the front edges el and d of the raised portions al and 0Z on thehooks (Z and cl. WVhen the parts arrive at the position shown in Fig. 17the rear edge d of the raised portion d on the hook (Z is brought intocontact with the projection (Z and the further movement of the diskcauses the hook (Z to be thrown forward relatively to the disk.Ultimately the rear edge cl is carried away from contact with theprojection (Z Then the parts arrive at the position shown in Fig. 18,the front edge (Z of the raised portion al comes into contact with theprojection and the further movement of the disk causes the hook (Z to bethrown rearwardly relatively to the disk as shown in Fig. 19. The hook(Z is actuated in a similar manner.

To assist the throwing off of the loops and guide them over the tensiondevice we provide on the face of the disk, lugs 6* near its periphery,and we form inclined or beveled edges 6"" on the sunk portions 6X1 inwhich the ends of the hooks 03 and (Z work. As the loops of thread aredrawn out into the position shown in Fig. 18, the thread of each loop isheld near the periphery of the disk owing to its being retained betweenthe face of the disk and the inner face of the lug e". VVhe n the hookretreats to release the loop as hereinbefore described, the bight of theloop slides along the inclined edge e of the sunk portion 6, and

is thus assisted in becoming transferred to the tension device.

It may be observed that in Figs. 1720 the axis ofthe disk is shiftedlaterally with regard to the line of travel of the needle. This positioneffects a considerable economy of time and working advantages, and mayreadily be adapted for use where there is one hook only on the disk.

In Fig. 21 we have illustrated one way of effecting the synchronism ofthe needle movements for use with the device shown in Figs. 17 -20. Theneedle operating shaft F is provided with the collar f which is providedwith the cam grooves f and In rotating, the cam groove f imparts to thelink f a reciprocatory motion, this motion being translated to a rockingmovement by the rocking crank lever f an arm f which terminates in ahook f forming the take up. The cam groove f operates the pivotedrocking lever f which is slidably pivoted to the needle bar. Inrotating, the cam groove f thus imparts a reciprocating motion to theneedle, the groove being so shaped so as to cause the needle to descendand rise twice during one revolution of the sleeve f. It will thus beobserved that the take up is timed accordingly.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is 1. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with areciprocating needle, of a common means for drawing out from said needleloops of thread which alternately form a main loop and a sub-loopthrough the main loop, means for inter-engaging said lnain loops onewith another, and means for carrying each sub-loop around and over themain loop through which it passes, be fore said main loop inter-engageswith the next succeeding main loop, to enable said sub-loop to interlockwith the main loop.

2. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with areciprocating needle, of a common means for drawing out from said needleloops of thread which form main loops and a plurality of sub-loopspassing through each of said main loops, means for inter-engaging saidmain loops one with another, and means for carrying the sub-loops insuccession around and over the main loop through which they pass, beforesaid main loop inter-engages with the next succeeding main loop, toenable the sub-loops to interlock with the main loop.

8. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle and the needle plate, of means located below theneedle plate for drawing loops of thread from the needle, and astationary tension device over which a main loop is drawn and by whichit is retained while a sub-loop is pulled from the same source by saidmeans 'through the main loop, drawn over the tension device and over themain loop, and a second main loop is pulled by said means through thebight of the first main loop.

4. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle and the needle plate, of a hook located below theneedle plate for drawing loops of thread from the needle, and astationary tension device over which a main loop is drawn and by whichit is retained while a sub-loop is pulled from the same source by saidhook through the main loop, drawn over the tension device and over themain loop, and a second main loop is pulled by said hook through thebight of the firstx main loop.

5. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle and the needle plate, of means located below theneedle plate for drawing loops of thread from the needle, and astationary tension device over which a main loop is drawn and by whichit is retained while a plurality of sub-loops is pulled from the samesource by said means through the main loop, drawn over the tensiondevice and over the main loop, and a second main loop is pulled by saidmeans through the bight of the first main loop.

6. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle and the needle plate, of a hook located below theneedle plate for drawing loops of thread from the needle, and astationary tension device over which a main loop is drawn and by whichit is retained while a plurality of sub-loops is pulled from the samesource by said hook through the main loop, drawn over the tension deviceand over the main loop, and a second main loop is pulled by said hookthrough the bight of the first main loop.

7. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, and the needle plate, of a rotary disk locatedbelow the needle plate, a hook pivoted thereon for drawing loops ofthread from the needle, means for rocking said hook before the disk hasturned through a semicircle so as to release the loops when drawn, and astationary tension device over which a main loop is drawn and by whichit is retained while a sub-loop is pulled from the same source by saidhook through the main loop, drawn over the tension device and over themain loop, and a second main loop is pulled by said hook through thebight of the first main loop.

8. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, and the needle plate, of a rotary disk locatedbelow the needle plate, a hook pivoted thereon for drawing loops ofthread from the needle, means for rocking said hook so as to release theloops when drawn, and a stationary tension device over which a main loopis drawn and by which it is retained while a plurality of sub-loops ispulled from the same source by said hook through the main loop, drawnover the tension device and over the main loop, and a second main loopis pulled by said hook through the bight of the first main loop.

9. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with the mainshaft, the needle plate, and the needle, of means for causing saidneedle to perform a plurality of reciprocations during one revolution ofthe main shaft, a corresponding number of hooks located below the needleplate for drawing loops of thread from the needle at the reciprocationsof said needle, and a stationary tension device over which a main loopis drawn and by which it is retained while a sub-loop is pulled from thesame source by one of said hooks through the main loop, drawn over thetension device and over the main loop, and a second main loop is pulledby another of said hooks through the bight of the first main loop.

10. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with the mainshaft, the needle plate, and the needle, of means for causing saidneeedle to perform a plurality of reciprocations during one revolutionof the main shaft, a corresponding number of hooks located below theneedle plate for drawing loops of thread from the needle at thereciprocations of said needle, and a stationary tension device overwhich a main loop is drawn and by which it is retained While a pluralityof sub-loops is pulled from the same source by said hooks through themain loop, drawn over the tension device and over the main loop, and asecond loop is pulled by one of said hooks through the bight of thefirst main loop.

11. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with the mainshaft, the needle plate, and the needle, of means for causing saidneedle to perform a plurality of reciprocations during one revolution ofthe main shaft, a rotary disk located below the needle plate, aplurality of hooks equal in number to the reciprocations of the needleduring one revolution of the main shaft, said hooks being pivoted to therotary disk and adapted to draw loops of thread from the needle, meansfor rocking said hooks so as to release the loops when drawn, and astationary tension device over which a main loop is drawn, and by whichit is retained while a sub loop is pulled from the same source by one ofsaid hooks through the main loop, drawn over the tension device and overthe main loop, and a second main loop is pulled by another of said hooksthrough the bight of the first main loop.

12. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with the mainshaft, the needle plate, and the needle, of means for causing saidneedle to perform a plurality of reciprocations during one revolution ofthe main shaft, a rotary disk located below the needle plate, aplurality of hooks equal in number to the reciprocations of the needleduring one revolution of the main shaft, said hooks being pivoted to therotary disk and adapted to draw loops of thread from the needle, meansfor rocking said hooks so as to release the loops when drawn, and astationary tension device over which a main loop is drawn and by whichit is retained while a plurality of sub-loops is pulled from the samesource by said hooks through main loop, drawn over the tension deviceand over the main loop, and a second main loop is pulled by one of saidhooks through the bight of the first lnain loop.

13. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, and the needle plate, of a rotary disk locatedbelow the needle plate, means carried by said disk for drawing loops ofthread from the needle, a stationary casing resting upon the peripheryof said rotary disk, retaining means for keeping the casing in positionthereon, means for intermittently withdrawing the aforesaid retainingmeans to allow the loops of thread to pass over said casing, means forreleasing the loops from the looppulling means when they have been drawnout sufficiently to pass over the aforesaid casing, and means containedwithin said casing for retaining a main loop in tension while a sub-loopis pulled from the same source through the main loop, drawn over thecasing and over the main loop, and a second main loop is pulled throughthe bight of the first main loop.

1a. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, and the needle plate, of a rotary disk locatedbelow the needle plate, means carried by said disk for drawing loops ofthread from the needle, a stationary casing resting upon the peripheryof said rotary disk, retaining means for keeping the easing in positionthereon, means for intermittently withdrawing the aforesaid retainingmeans to allow the loops of thread to pass over said casing, means forreleasing the loops from the loop-pulling means when they have beendrawn out sufficiently to pass over the aforesaid casing, and meanscontained within said casing for retaining a main loop in tension whilea plurality of sub-loops is pulled from the same source through the mainloop, drawn over the easing and over the long loop, and a second mainloop is pulled through the bight of the first main loop.

15. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, and the needle plate, of means located below theneedle plate for drawing loops of thread from the needle, a stationarycasing, a movable hooked member mounted in said casin means for guidinga main loop of thread, after being drawn from the needle over theaforesaid casing, into the mouth of said hooked member, means fornormally holding said hooked member in position to receive the main loopof thread, and means for releasing said hooked member after the mainloop is caught, so that its hooked end may be shifted out of the path ofsucceeding subloops as they are drawn from the needle by theloop-pulling means and drawn over the casing.

16. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, and the needle plate, of a rotary disk ,locatedbelow the needle plate, means carried by said rotary disk for drawingloops of thread from the needle, a stationary easing resting upon theperiphery of the disk, retaining means for keeping said casing inposition thereon, a hooked member within. said casing means forreleasing the loops of thread from the loop pulling means when they havebeen pulled sufliciently to pass over the aforesaid casing, means forintermittently operating the said retaining means to allow the loops topass over the casing, means for guiding a main loop of thread, afterbeing drawn from the needle and over the afore said easing, into themouth of said hooked member, means for normally holding said hookedmember in position to receive the main loop of thread, and means forreleasing said hooked member when the main loop is caught, so that itshooked end may become depressed out of the path of succeeding sub-loopsas they are drawn from the needle by the loop-pulling means and drawnover the casing.

17. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with the mainshaft the needle plate, and the needle, of means for causing said needleto perform a plurality of reciprocations during one revolution of themain shaft, a rotary disk located below the needle plate, a plurality ofhooks equal in number to the reciprocations of the needle during onerevolution of the main shaft, said hooks being pivoted to the rotarydisk and adapted to draw loops of thread from the needle, means forcausing said hooks to travel faster than the periphery of the disk whentaking loops of thread from the needle, but slower when releasing saidloops, and a stationary tension device over which a main loop is drawnand by which it is retained while a sub-loop is pulled from the samesource by one of said hooks through the main loop, drawn over thetension device and over the main loop, and a second main loop is pulledby another of said hooks through the bight of the first main loop.

18. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination of areciprocating needle, a tension device, a needle plate recessed toenable said tension device to be raised close to the material to be sewnand thus effect neat sewing, and means whereby a main loop of thread ispulled from the needle and transferred to the tension device andretained thereby in tension while a sub-loop is pulled from the samesource through the main loop, drawn over the tension device and over themain loop, and a second main loop is pulled through the bight of thefirst main loop.

19. Inasingle thread sewing machine, the combination with areciprocating needle, of means for drawing out from said needle loops ofthread which form inter-engaging main loops and sub-loops, means forsuccessively holding each of said main loops open, and under tension, topermit said needle to descend therethrough so that a sub-loop may bedrawn from the needle thread, means for causing said sub-loop to passaround said main loop and its holding means and interlock with said mainloop, means for removing the loop-holding means from the bight of themain loop, means for returning the loop holding means to initialposition,

and means for keeping the bight of the main loop open until the needleis again descending for the next main inter-engaging loop to be drawnout.

20. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with the mainshaft, the needle plate, and the needle, of means for causing saidneedle to perform a plurality of reciprocations during one revolution ofthe main shaft, a corresponding number of hooks located below the needleplate for drawing loops of thread from the needle at the reciprocationsof said needle, and a stationary tension device overwhich a main loop isdrawn and by which it is retained, while, externally to said main loop,a plurality of sub-loops is pulled from the same source by said hooksdrawn over the tension device and over the main loop, and a second mainloop is pulled by one of said hooks through the bight of the first mainloop.

21. In a single-thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, of rotary means for drawing successive loops ofthread from the needle, means for releasing the loops soon enough forthem to be drawn up on the same side of the center line of the rotarymeans as that on which they are drawn out, and means situated externallyto said rotary means for controlling one loop until a succeeding loop isdrawn out and passes over and around the same forming a stitch, and thefollowing loop is drawn out through the bight of the controlled loop,whereupon the latter is released and the last mentioned loop is broughtunder control.

22. In a single-thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, of rotary means for drawing successive loops ofthread from the needle, means for releasing the loops soon enough forthem to be drawn up 011 the same side of the center line of the rotarymeans as that on which they are drawn out, and stationary means situatedexternally to said rotary means for controlling one loop until asucceeding loop is drawn out and passes over and around the same forminga stitch, and the following loop is drawn out through the bight of thecontrolled loop, whereupon the latter is released and the last mentionedloop is brought under control.

23. In a single-thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, of rotary means for drawing successive loops ofthread from the needle, means for releasing the loops soon enough forthem to be drawn up on the same side of the center line of the rotarymeans as that on which they are drawn out, and means situated externallyto said rotary means for controlling one loop until a plurality ofsucceeding loops are drawn out and pass over and around the same formingsuccessively completed stitches and the following loop is drawn outthrough the bight of the controlled loop, whereupon the latter isreleased, and the last mentioned loop is brought under control.

24:. In a single-thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle,

of rotary means for drawing successive loops of thread from the needle,means for releasing the loops soon enough for them to be drawn up on thesame side of the center line of the rotary means as that on which theyare drawn out, and. stationary means situated externally to said rotarymeans for controlling one loop until a plurality of succeeding loops aredrawn out and pass over and around the same forming successivelycompleted stitches and the following loop is drawn out through the bightof the controlled loop, whereupon the latter is released, and the lastmentioned loop is brought under control.

25. Ina single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, of rotary means for drawing loops of thread fromthe needle, means for releasing the loops soon enough for them to bedrawn up on the same side of the center line of the rotary means as thaton which they are drawn out, means situated externally to said rotarymeans for arresting one loop, means for allowing the latter to movestitch by stitch, but not to be released until a succeeding loop isdrawn out and passes over and around the same forming a stitch'and thefollowing loop is drawn out through the bight of the arrested loop to bein turn arrested.

26. In a single thread sewing machine, the combination with thereciprocating needle, of rotary means for drawing loops of thread fromthe needle, means for releasing the loops soon enough for them to bedrawn up on the same side of the center line of the rotary means as thaton which they are drawn out, means situated externally to said rotarymeans for arresting one loop, means for allowing the latter to movestitch by stitch, but not to be released until a plurality of succeedingloops are drawn out and pass over and around the same formingsuccessively completed stitches and the following loop is drawn outthrough the bight of the arrested loop to be in turn arrested.

27. In a sewing machine, the combination with a needle plate, a mainshaft below said plate, and a reciprocating needle, of loop drawingmeans mounted directly upon the main shaft and movable in a circularpathway for drawing out a loop of thread from said needle, and means forreleasing the loo below the needle plate clear of the field of movementof the loop drawing means and soon enough for it when being drawn up topass back without crossing the .axis of movement of the aforesaidloop-drawing means.

28. In a sewing machine, the combination with a needle plate, a mainshaft below said plate, and a reciprocating needle, of means mounteddirectly upon the main shaft and movable in a circular path-way fordrawing out a loop of thread from said needle,

and means for enabling the loop to be released below the needle plateclear of the field of movement of the loop-drawing means and before theaforesaid loop-drawing means has turned through two right angles fromits position of engagement with the thread.

29. In a sewing machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle, ofa rotary disk, a hook on said disk for engaging the needle thread todraw out a loop of thread therefrom, and means for enabling the hook torelease the loop clear of the field of movement of the hook before saiddisk has turned through two right angles of angular movement from theposition of engagement of the hook with the thread.

30. In a sewing machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle, ofa rotary member having thereon a plurality of hooks each of whichoperates to draw out a loop from the needle thread but allow the loop tobe drawn up before its bight has been carried through two right anglesof angular movement.

31. In a sewing machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle, ofa rotary member, and a plurality of hooks thereon each of which in turn,during one rotation of the said rotary member, draws out a loop from theneedle thread but becomes disengaged therefrom before the bight has beencarried through two right angles of angular movement.

32. In a sewing machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle, ofa rotary disk, a plurality of hooks on said disk for engaging the needlethread to draw out a loop of thread therefrom, and means for enablingeach loop to be released from its hook before the disk has turnedthrough two right angles of angular movement from the position ofengagement of the loops by the hooks.

In a sewing machine, the combination with a needle plate, a main shaftbelow said plate, and a reciprocating needle, of loopdrawing meansmounted directly upon the main shaft and movable in a circular pathwayfor drawing out a loop of thread from said needle, means for enablingthe loop to be released below the needle plate clear of the field ofmovement of the loop drawing means and before said loop-drawing meanshas turned through two right angles from its position of engagement withthe thread, and means for accelerating the motion of the loop-drawingmeans when engaging the loop and for retarding its movement whenreleasing the loop.

34. In a sewing machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle, ofa rotary disk, a hook on said disk for engaging the needle thread todraw out a loop of thread therefrom, means for enabling the hook torelease the loop before said disk has turned through two right angles ofangular movement from the position of engagement of the hook with thethread, and means for accelerating the motion of the hook relatively tothe disk at the moment when the hook engages the thread and forretarding the motion of the hook relatively to the disk at the moment ofreleasing the loop.

35. In a sewing machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle, ofa rotary disk, a plurality of hooks on said disk for engaging the needlethread to draw out a loop of thread therefrom, means for enabling eachhook to release the loop engaged by it before the disk has turnedthrough two right angles of angular movement from the position ofengagement of each hook with the corresponding loop of thread and meansfor accelerating the motion of each hook relatively to the disk at themoment when the hook engages the thread and for retarding the motion ofthe hook relatively to the disk at the moment of releasing the loop.

36. In a sewing machine, the combination with a needle plate, a mainshaft below said plate, and a reciprocating needle, of loopdrawing meansmounted directly upon the main shaft and movable in a circular pathwayfor drawing out a loop of thread from said needle, means for enablingthe loop to be released below the needle plate clear of the field ofmovement of the loop-drawing means and before said loop-drawing meanshas turned through two right angles of angular movement from itsposition of engagement with the thread, and means for drawing up thereleased loop into the material being sewn before the formation of thenext loop begins.

37. In a sewing machine, the combination with a needle plate, a mainshaft below said plate, and a reciprocating needle, of a member mounteddirectly upon the main shaft and movable in a circular path-way andhaving thereon a loop-drawing lioolgmeans for enabling the loop to bereleased below the needle plate clear of the field of movement of thehook before the aforesaid member has turned through two right angles ofangular movement from the position of engagement of the hook with thethread, and a take-up for drawing up the loop of thread before theformation of the next loop begins.

88. In a sewing machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle, ofa rotary member having thereon a plurality of hooks each of whichoperates to draw out a loop from the needle thread but allow the loop tobe drawn up before its bight hasbeen carried through two right angles ofangular movement, and a take-up for drawing up each loop of threadbefore the formation of the next loop begins.

In testimony whereof we atliX our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

FREDERICK BAKER. LESSER JACOBS.

lVitnesses T. SELBY VVARDLE, HAROLD W. LAKE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

